Regulatory responsibilities

Government departments and statutory authorities administer the regulatory regime for the offshore petroleum and greenhouse gas (GHG) sectors in Australia.

Jurisdiction

Under international law, Australia has:

  • sovereignty over Commonwealth waters, and
  • sovereign rights to explore and develop mineral and petroleum resources over the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf.

This jurisdiction extends from the territorial sea baseline to the outer edge of the Continental Shelf.

For the purposes of titles administration, the National Offshore Petroleum Titles Administrator (NOPTA) regulates petroleum and GHG titles in all offshore Commonwealth waters, more than 3 nautical miles of the territorial sea baseline.

Key institutions and functions

Departments, authorities and their responsibilities in administering the regime under the Petroleum Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006 (OPGGS Act) are listed below.

Titles Administrator (NOPTA)

The Titles Administrator (TA):

  • is the contact for titles applications, guidance and titles administration
  • provides technical advice to the relevant decision maker
  • manages the titles register
  • monitors data and title compliance aspects
  • undertakes resource management functions
  • is the decision maker for short-term titles, transfers and dealings.

The NOPTA branch is also responsible for:

  • offshore petroleum and GHG acreage release (effective 13 July 2026)
  • briefing the responsible Minister or delegate for all Commonwealth decisions (effective 13 July 2026)

Read more about NOPTA.

Offshore Petroleum Joint Authority

The Joint Authority (JA) comprises the relevant state, Northern Territory and Commonwealth ministers. The JA is responsible for making offshore petroleum decisions including:

  • granting titles
  • imposing conditions
  • cancellation or surrender of a title.

The JA comprises the Responsible Commonwealth Minister (RCM) only for the following offshore areas:

  • Tasmania
  • Eastern Greater Sunrise
  • Offshore areas of external territories (for example, the Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands)
  • Bayu–Undan pipeline international offshore area (schedule 8 OPGGS Act).

View the current JA members and their delegates.

Responsible Commonwealth Minister

The Responsible Commonwealth Minister (RCM) is the decision maker for all greenhouse gas (GHG) decisions. (Excluding infrastructure licences, pipeline licences and cross boundary assessment permits.)

Read about the RCM on the Minister for Resources and Minister for Northern Australia.

Department of Industry, Science and Resources

Our department is responsible for offshore petroleum and GHG policy and legislation development and oversight.

Read about our department.

National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA)

NOPSEMA is the independent regulator for health and safety, structural (well) integrity and environmental management for all offshore petroleum and GHG operations in Commonwealth waters and in coastal waters where regulatory powers and functions have been conferred.

Read about NOPSEMA.

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